Understanding Prepositions meaning

About: 
About identifies a topic.

Above:
Above can mean in or at a higher place.

Across:
Across indicates the direction of movement from one side of an area to the other. 

After:
After means later than or following. 

Against:
Against means touching something or somebody for support. 

Ahead Of:
Ahead of means closer to a destination than or in front of.

Along:
Along means following the boundary of something. 

Among:
Among can mean surrounded by.

Around:
Around means following a boundary, in a circular direction. 

As:
As means in the role of. 

At:
At can indicate location.

Back to/Back From 
Back to indicates return.

Before:
Before means earlier than.

Behind:
Behind means in the rear of.

Below:
Below means lower in number or degree than.

Beneath:
Beneath means under and concealed by.

Beside:
Beside means next to. 

Besides:
Besides means excepting.

Between:
Between indicates separation of two things.

Beyond:
Beyond means on the other side of.

But:
But means except.

By:
By indicates an actor, instrument, or cause.

Close to:
Close to means near.

Despite/In Spite Of 
Despite indicates an illogical occurrence.

Down:
Down indicates movement from a higher place.

During:
During indicates within a period of time.

Except:
Except means excluding.

Far From: 
Far (away) from indicates a great distance between places or people.

For: 
For indicates a recipient or beneficiary. 

From:
From indicates a source. 

In:
In indicates location inside or within something else. 

In Back of:
In back of means located behind.

In Front of:
In front of means located before or facing something.

Inside:
Inside means within something else.

Instead of:
Instead of means substituting for. 
 
Into:
Into indicates entrance. 

Like:
Like can mean similar to. 

Near:
Near means close to in terms of distance.

Next to:
Next to means at the side of.

Of:
Of indicates belonging or connection.

Off:
Off indicates movement from one place to another.

On:
On indicates location higher than something and touching it; on top of. 

Onto:
Onto indicates movement from one position to another one. 

On Top of:
On top of indicates a position higher than the object. 

Opposite:
Opposite means facing; across from. 

Out:
Out can indicate removal.

Outside:
Outside (of) means not within. 

Over:
Over means above.

Past:
Past means beyond.
 
Through:
Through indicates passage within something. 

Throughout:
Throughout means in all parts of a place.

To:
To indicates the destination of a verb. 

Toward:
Toward means in the direction of a place.

Under:
Under means in a lower position than something else. 

Underneath:
Underneath means in a lower position than something else.

Until:
Until indicates the time of change of an activity or situation.

Up:
Up indicates movement to a higher place.

With:
With means in the company of. 

Within:
Within means not outside a place.

Without:
Without indicates the absence of somebody.